Life was hard during the 1950s and ’60s, the early stages of Hong Kong’s industrialization. Most people were very poor. Housing and water were in short supply. Young and old worked very hard and earned very little. Riots broke out in 1956, 1966 and 1967.

Vitality and perseverance characterized the postwar immigrants and their children. They worked hard to earn their living, and studied hard to prepare for a better future.